Powered By Blogger

Sunday, March 13, 2016

The daredevil pilots of Colombia

It is one of the most perilous air routes in the world. Colombian pilots must fly through storms in decrepit planes over dense forests to deliver food and goods to villagers isolated from the rest of the world.
[Flying in the jungle is] dangerous. The slightest problem and the plane will just fall out of the sky
Captain Raul, Pilot 
Their starting off point is Villavicencio, a city in the foothills of the Andean Cordillera. Their destination is any one of the number of native Indian villages scattered throughout the jungle, cut off from civilisation. Their aircraft are DC3s - the stuff of legends.
First built more than 70 years ago, there are still about 100 DC3s that fly regularly. They have survived war and old age, but of the 30 that remain operational in Colombia half are grounded at any one time for repairs.
Captain Raul does not know the exact age of the plane he flies.
"During the war the flight data wasn't recorded. It only began when we started taking passengers and freight, when civil aviation began," he says. "I think it was updated in 1962."
But the DC3s are one of the few models capable of dealing with the conditions over the Amazon Rainforest - a green hell that poses a danger far greater than storms or mechanical faults.
There is no space for emergency landings in the impenetrable rainforest, which is twice the size of Texas. That is the pilots' greatest fear. Several planes have vanished into the dense jungle, swallowed up by the vegetation.
"It's dangerous. The slightest problem and the plane will just fall out of the sky," Captain Raul says.
Emergency landings 
Jose is one of the mechanics working on the Flight 1149 aircraft - the only plane with two on board mechanics.
Eighteen months earlier, he was on the same plane when it was forced to make an emergency landing in a rice field 5km from Villavicencio.
"The left engine's cylinder had a problem. It spluttered and then just stopped. We had cargo and 15 passengers on board. We opened the emergency exit and threw out all the cargo. Then the other engine shut down, the pilot decided to try landing in a [paddy] field," Jose says.
"We landed okay, but the propellers were destroyed and the undercarriage was ripped off… but we survived."
Lifeline 
For the people of places like Acaricuara, a small Indian village, the arrival of one of the planes is a major event. They stop there only once or twice a month, with a cargo featuring vegetables, beds, dogs, chickens and television sets.
There is no control tower in Acaricuara so everything must be done the old-fashioned way - on intuition, judgement and experience.
And what passes for a runway - a slippery landing zone pitted with holes - is far too short so pilots must be able to land virtually where the runway begins.
Without the DC3, the 100 or so people who live in Acaricuara would be completely isolated.
But Captain Raul never spends more than 15 minutes on the ground there - just long enough to unload. He is particularly keen to steer clear of the crowds of children who gather round and get in the way during takeoff.
"Kids don't realise the danger. They run around playing on the landing strip," he says. "I have to take great care when they scatter around the plane."
'When it's full, off we go' 
For Captain Raul and his co-pilot Maria stormy weather can pose one of their greatest challenges - particularly as they do not get paid if they do not fly.
"If we don't fly we don't get any wages. So the more we are airborne the better. We don't get a penny for just sitting around," says Captain Raul.
He is paid far less than a regular airline pilot even though he is responsible for organising the flight and finding his passengers.
"Flights are ad-hoc. There's no real flight schedule with departure times on any given day," he says. "We need to get enough cargo or passengers and when it's full, off we go."
This means, he often decides to fly in highly unpredictable weather - even when pouring rain may have penetrated the petrol tanks, something that could cause the engines to shut down in mid-flight.
He must also make sure that the plane is carrying no more than 1.5 tonnes.
"We have to watch the weight of the cargo, because if something breaks down, we'll have enough time to keep flying to be able to jettison any superfluous loads, so we can complete the flight," he says.
With fuel kept to a minimum, each extra kilo counts. Too much fuel and the plane will be too heavy to take off. Too little could mean crashing into the Amazon.
'It's always nerve-wracking' 
Miraflores is a small town in the middle of the Colombian jungle. Until recently, it was notorious for being a drugs capital, under the control of cocaine traffickers and FARC (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia) rebels.
The landing strip - one of the most dangerous in Colombia - is its main thoroughfare.
"Everything has to be worked out, approach speed, the precise place where the wheels must touch down," Captain Raul explains.
"[If something goes wrong], we'll crash or spin off the runway… next to which is a ravine."
The ravine at the end of Miraflores' runway is 80 metres deep and for a plane with 1,800 litres of highly-combustible fuel on board, one short circuit or violent bump could blow everything up.
"It's always nerve-wracking, especially the landings," says Maria. "When I see we're running out of airstrip and the brakes are on full and we start to slide left and right. It just keeps going, there's nothing we can do about it."
But for the foreseeable future at least, Colombia's ancient fleet of DC3s seem likely to keep flying.

Boris Accuses Obama Of 'Hypocrisy' Over The EU

Boris Johnson has described Barack Obama's plans to call for the UK to remain in the European Union as a "piece of outrageous and exorbitant hypocrisy".
The mayor of London, himself born in New York, was responding to reports that the US President is going to visit London in a bid to persuade voters to back the In campaign.
In a column for The Daily Telegraph, Mr Johnson imagined what such a trip would look like, writing: "Air Force One will touch down; a lectern with the presidential seal will be erected. The British people will be told to be good to themselves, to do the right thing.
"We will be informed by our most important ally that it is in our interests to stay in the EU, no matter how flawed we may feel that organisation to be."
Mr Johnson, who backs the UK's departure from the EU, claimed the electorate would be asked to "never mind the loss of sovereignty; never mind the expense and the bureaucracy and the uncontrolled immigration" which critics say the 28-nation bloc causes.
The Conservative MP said the American view on the UK's relationship in the EU was clear: remaining part of the union was the only way for Britain to have influence on the world stage.
Although Mr Johnson said this was "an important argument that deserves to be taken seriously", he said it was also "wholly fallacious" and hypocritical from a US leader.
He went on: "There is no country in the world that defends its own sovereignty with such hysterical vigilance as the United States of America. This is a nation born from its glorious refusal to accept overseas control."
The newspaper column came as tensions continued to simmer between Mr Johnson and other senior Tories.
George Osborne has taken issue with the mayor's suggestion that the UK could secure a Canadian-style trade deal - with the Chancellor insisting the agreement took seven years to negotiate, with tariffs imposed on exports of beef and cars.
Mr Osborne told the BBC's Andrew Marr Show: "I hear people saying 'I want Britain to be like Switzerland. I want Britain to be like Norway, I want Britain to be like Canada'.
"You know what? I want Britain to be like Great Britain."

Ankara Car Bombing Kills At Least 27 People

At least 27 people have been killed and 75 wounded in a car boming in Turkey's capital, the local governor's office has said.
The explosion happened in the centre of Ankara around 6.45pm local time, the official statement said.
"The blast was caused by a vehicle packed with explosives close to Kizilay square," it said. 
Ankara is the capital of Turkey
Kizilay square  is a main shopping and transport hub close to the city's embassy area.
The car detonated close to a bus and caused several vehicles to catch fire, local media said.
Gunfire was also heard after explosion, officials told Reuters.
It comes just weeks after at least 28 people were killed in a car bombing in the city. 
Kurdish militants claimed responsibility for that attack.

Turkey explosion: Reports of wounded in central Ankara

An explosion has taken place in the Kizilay neighbourhood of the Turkish capital Ankara, and reports say some people have been injured.
The cause of the blast is not yet clear.
Witnesses say the explosion happened near the main bus station on Ataturk boulevard and close to many government ministries. Some vehicles were on fire.
Last month, a bomb attack on a military convoy in Ankara killed 28 people and injured scores more. 
A Turkey-based Kurdish militant group said it carried out that attack.

Ivory Coast Hotel Shooting: Seven Dead - Reports

At least seven people have died in a gun attack on an Ivory Coast beach resort popular with tourists, according to reports.
A witness said four attackers opened fire with rifles as they entered the hotel in Grand-Bassam, around 25 miles east of Abidjan.
Grand Bassam, Ivory Coast
The attackers were "heavily armed and wearing balaclavas" and "fired at guests at the L'Etoile du Sud (Southern Star), a large hotel which was full of expats in the current heatwave", according to a witness who spoke to AFP news agency.
It is not yet clear if they are affiliated with any particular militant group.
Josiane Sekongo, 25, who lives nearby, said she ran outside when she heard the gunfire and saw people running away from the beach.
Residents are now hiding in their homes while security forces respond to the attack, she said.
A dozen ambulances are on standby and military vehicles are heading to the scene with heavy machine guns, along with armed traditional hunters known as Dozo.
Witness Luc Gnago told Sky News he had seen six bodies on the beach - one of which he thought was that of an assailant - and one in the hotel, which he described as "a white man".
He said: "I arrived after the shooting. There are many soldiers around the beach and around the hotel.
"The beach is now empty. There are only a few people looking after the bodies."
An AFP journalist reported seeing around a dozen people, including an injured Western woman, being evacuated in a military truck.
A witness told French broadcaster BFMTV he saw "the body of a European woman" and "two or three" hooded shooters.
Video footage from a witness shows seven people lying on the ground, Reuters news agency has reported.
Grand-Bassam is home to around 80,000 people and has UNESCO World Heritage status due to the architecture from its French colonial past.
Over the past few months, attacks have been launched on luxury hotels in the capitals of Ivory Coast's neighbours Mali and Burkina Faso, leaving dozens of people dead and West African nations re-assessing security in the face of the growing threat from jihadists.

Ivory Coast: Shooting at Grand-Bassam beach resort

Gunfire has erupted at the beach resort of Grand-Bassam in Ivory Coast, French media say.
They quote eyewitnesses as saying the shooting began in a hotel. There have been reports of casualties.
Grand-Bassam is located about 40km (25 miles) east of the country's main city, Abidjan.


Twin Boys Drown After Falling Into Fish Pond

Rhys and Shaun Scott
Two-year-old twin brothers have drowned after falling into a garden fish pond in a tragedy described as "every parent's worst nightmare".
Emergency services were called to the address in Dalgety Bay, Fife, at around 8.20am on Saturday after the boys - Rhys and Shaun, whose mother has been named as Sarah Aitken - were discovered.
They were taken to Victoria Hospital in Kirkcaldy but later died, Police Scotland said.
Flowers left at house after twin boys drown in pond.
The family of the youngsters is being supported by officers, as inquiries are made to establish the circumstances that led to their deaths.
In a statement issued through Police Scotland, the twins' parents said: "We would like to thank everyone for their support at this unfortunate and difficult time. 
"Both boys were long awaited little soldiers who were full of love, happiness, fun and cheek. Individually and together they have touched the lives of everyone they met. 
"We along with our family and friends are still in shock and devastated at such a tragic loss from such a 'freak' accident."  
Twins drown
Local MSP Alex Rowley said: "This is awful news and is every parent's worst nightmare.
young lives from the same family is just heartbreaking.
"My thoughts and prayers, and those of the whole community, are with the family."
Flowers and messages of support have been left at the house. One note reads: "Rest in peace little ones."
A Police Scotland spokesman said: "We received a call around 8.20am on Saturday following a report of concern for two children at an address in Dalgety Bay, Fife.
"Two male twins, aged two-years-old, had reportedly drowned in a fish pond and officers attended with the Scottish Ambulance Service.
"The children were taken to the Victoria Hospital in Kirkcaldy where they sadly died.
"Officers are supporting the family at this time. Inquiries to establish the full circumstances are ongoing."