So was it a gaffe or was it deliberate? Did David Cameron blunder by blurting out that Nigeria and Afghanistan were corrupt?
Or did he mean to kick-start his anti-corruption summit, taking place in London later this week, with some useful pre-summit publicity?
The scene was Buckingham Palace, the event a reception to mark the Queen's 90th birthday and the elite group caught on camera were Her Majesty, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the PM, Commons Speaker John Bercow and the Leader of the Commons, Chris Grayling.
The PM knew the cameras were present, his spokesman said
All present appeared to be clutching glasses that looked like champagne flutes.
So had the bubbly loosened the Prime Minister's tongue
when he called the two countries "fantastically corrupt" and "possibly the two most corrupt countries in the world"?
Was it another example of the carelessness or arrogance his critics accuse him of? His opponents will say Yes.
Or is he demob happy now he isn't standing for election as Prime Minister in 2020? He would certainly deny that.
At first his indiscretion appeared to be a repeat of his reckless comments to the New York Mayor, Michael Bloomberg, picked up by Sky News after the 2014 Scottish referendum, when he said
the Queen "purred down the line" when he phoned her with the result.
Labour then accused the Prime Minister of being "disrespectful" to the Queen and the SNP's Alex Salmond said Mr Cameron should "hang his head in shame" for sharing details of a private conversation.
Then last year, on a visit to Yorkshire, the Prime Minister
was recorded while rehearsing a speech, saying: "We just thought people in Yorkshire hated everyone else, we didn't realise they hated each other so much."
Oh dear! Touchy, sensitive types, those Tykes. The Yorkshire Post newspaper said his "disdainful" remark was rooted in a "rather stereotypical and outdated view of Yorkshire".
Those two gaffes prompted an immediate apology and expression of regret from the Prime Minister. Not so this time.
He was unrepentant and vigorously defended his remarks about Nigeria and Afghanistan being corrupt.
The presidents of the two countries, who will attend the anti-corruption summit later this week, had acknowledged the scale of corruption in their countries and vowed to tackle it, the PM's spokesman insisted to political journalists.
Maybe. But the Afghanistan Embassy later said because the new government in its country was taking "major steps to fight corruption", the Prime Minister's comments were "unfair".
But further evidence that Mr Cameron knew exactly what he was doing when his spokesman was asked if he knew there were TV cameras present.
"The cameras were very close to him," the spokesman revealed.
"There were multiple cameras in the room."
So if the remarks were a clever piece of spin to publicise an international anti-corruption summit and to move the news agenda on from the EU, Mr Cameron's supporters will claim he has played a blinder.
But there remains the issue of a potential insult or slight to the Queen and the charge of dragging her into political controversy once again.
His opponents are already on the attack.
"This is another gaffe from the PM," said the Labour MP Wes Streeting.
"You'd hope he'd have learned his lesson when it comes to off the record comments and the Queen but sadly not."
Mr Cameron would say he has learned many lessons in his six years as Prime Minister.
Those who have observed him during that time would say they include canny news management.